Comparative Study on Several Criteria for Non-equilibrium Phase Separation

Several different kinds of criteria for non-equilibrium phase separation to discriminate the two stages, the spinnodal decompostion (SD) and domain growth (DG), are compared and further investigated. The characteristic domain size and morphological function present two geometric criteria. Both of them can only provide rough estimations for the crossover from SD to DG. The reason for domain size is that the crossover in this description covers a process, instead of a specific time. The reason for the morphological function is that the result may rely on chosen threshold value. However, both the non-equilibrium strength and the entropy production rate are physical criteria and are more convenient to provide critical times. In fact, not only the non-equilibrium strength defined in the moment space opened by all the independent components of the used non-equilibrium quantities but also those defined in its subspaces can be used as criteria. Each of those criteria characterizes the phase separation process from its own perspective. Consequently, the obtained critical times may show slight differences. It should be pointed out that these slight differences are not contradictive, but consistent with each other and complementary in describing the complex phenomena.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1808.0769

Diallel Analyses of Percent Kernel Infection by Aspergillus Flavus and Ear Moisture Loss Rate in Maize.

Preharvest infection by Aspergillus flavus Link ex Fries and subsequent aflatoxin contamination of maize (Zea mays L.) grain are major production problems. Ear moisture loss rate (EMLR) is an important component of hybrid performance and maturity, and to some extent determines the suitability of a hybrid for a geographical area. A 10-parent diallel experiment was conducted in 1992 and 1994 to study the genetic nature of both percent kernel infection (PKI) by A. flavus and EMLR. General combining ability (GCA, V\sb{\rm g}), specific combining ability (SCA, V\rm\sb{s}), and reciprocal mean squares for PKI were significant. The ratio \rm 2V\sb{g}/(2V\sb{g}+V\sb{s}) was 0.54, indicating that both GCA and SCA were important. The GCA, SCA, and reciprocal effects for PKI varied across years, which implied that more reliable information could be obtained by conducting multi-year experiments. The EMLR was measured with an electronic probe device. First probe moisture (30DPM) and second probe moisture (51DPM) were recorded in the field at 30 and 51 days after midsilk, respectively. The GCA and reciprocal mean squares were significant, whereas SCA was not significant for EMLR. The 2V\rm\sb{g}/(2v\sb{g}+V\sb{s}) ratio was 0.81, indicating that GCA effects were more important than SCA effects for EMLR. inbred lines L108, L605, and L654 showed significant, positive GCA effects for EMLR and Mo17 inbred line showed a negative GCA effect. 30DPM and 51DPM mean squares for F\sb1 hybrids were significant. A relatively low Probe1, high EMLR, and positive GCA and reciprocal effects for EMLR were important in lowering 51DPM. Any selection scheme for lowering 51DPM or harvest grain moisture should exploit the extranuclear genetic component(s) for EMLR and use parental lines with significant, positive GCA effects for EMLR, and relatively low 30DPM. No significant correlation exist between PKI and EMLR. However, a significant genotypic correlation was found between PKI and 51DPM, indicating that the breeding goal for lowering both 51DPM and PKI by A. flavus can be achieved simultaneously

Response to Comments on PCA Based Hurst Exponent Estimator for fBm Signals Under Disturbances

In this response, we try to give a repair to our previous proof for PCA Based Hurst Exponent Estimator for fBm Signals by using orthogonal projection. Moreover, we answer the question raised recently: If a centered Gaussian process $G_t$ admits two series expansions on different Riesz bases, we may possibly study the asymptotic behavior of one eigenvalue sequence from the knowledge on the asymptotic behaviors of another.Comment: This is a response for a mistake in Li Li, Jianming Hu, Yudong Chen, Yi Zhang, PCA based Hurst exponent estimator for fBm signals under disturbances, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 57, no. 7, pp. 2840-2846, 200